South Dakota Social Studies Content Standards specify grade-specific standards K-8 and grade-span standards grades 9-12. "The goal of civics instruction is to develop in all students the knowledge and skills for informed, responsible participation in public life. Instruction will provide an understanding of politics and government and the skills of good citizenship. Students will develop an understanding of the values and principles of American constitutional democracy." Social Studies Goal #3 is "Students will understand the historical development and contemporary role of governmental power and authority." Indicators for this goal focus on "forms and purposes of government in relationship to the needs of individuals and societies," historical development of U.S. government, and constitutional rights and responsibilities. Civics standards exist for grades K-5 and 9-12. Specific government standards exist only for grades 9-12, although grade 3 civics and economics standards address "community government." The Technical Guide for Implementing Content Standards contains specific benchmarks for each content standard.